The Junkers Ju
488 was Germany's last real attempt to create a four-engined, long range
bomber. In early 1944, Junkers design department at Dessau made a proposal
to simply and quickly produce a heavy bomber, using a minimum of new building
jigs or parts. Basically, the Ju 488 was to be constructed out of existing
Junkers aircraft. The Ju 388K was to supply the pressurized crew cabin,
the Ju 188E supplied the rear fuselage, the ventral pannier was to come
from the Ju 88A-15 and Ju 388K series, outer wing sections from the Ju
388K and finally the entire twin fin tail section from the Ju 288C. Added
to this collection was a new center fuselage section and a parallel wing
center section, to carry the four engines.
The Ju 488 V401
and V402 was to be entirely of metal construction, with the exception of
the ventral pannier, which was constructed of wood. The fuselage had an
internal bomb bay and five fuel tanks located behind the fuselage and above
the bomb
bay. The mid-fuselage mounted wing was tapered on the outer wing panels
and featured a two spar, all metal construction, with a total of eight
fuel tanks within the wing. Four BMW 801TJ 14 cylinder radial engines (driving
four bladed propellers) were mounted in individual nacelles, with each
nacelle containing a single main landing gear leg, which retracted to the
rear. One interesting design workaround was that the outer engines had
to be mounted lower on the wing, because the wing dihedral would have left
the landing gear a little short from reaching the ground. No defensive
armament was to be fitted to either the V401 or V402.
Proceeding in
parallel with the first two 488 prototypes' construction, a new,
larger aircraft was being designed. This was to be the production model
(Ju 488A), and four prototypes (V403-406) were ordered. This new version
deleted the wooden ventral pannier and the wing was moved further to the
rear. The BMW 801TJs were to be replaced by four Jumo 222A-3
or B-3 liquid cooled 24 cylinder four row radial engines. Perhaps the biggest
change was the lengthened fuselage, which was to use a welded steel tube
construction with a sheet metal covering towards the front portion of the
aircraft, and a fabric covering for the rear. An extra fuel tank (six total)
could now be carried within the fuselage, for a maximum total of 15066
liters (3980 gallons). Defensive armament consisted of a remote controlled
tail barbette with two MG 131 13 mm machine guns and a single remote controlled
dorsal turret with two MG 151 20 mm cannon, both controlled from the pressurized
cockpit via a periscope.
Work was begun
on the Junkers Ju 488 V401 and V402 prototypes in the former Latécoère
factory at Toulouse in early 1944. The plan was for the fuselage and the
new wing center section to be built in Toulouse, all other components would
come from the Junkers Dessau and Bernburg factories. It was hoped to have
the Ju 488 in operational service by mid-1945. Construction was well advanced
when the decision was made in July of 1944 to move the existing work done
to date to Bernburg by train, due to the rapidly advancing Allied invasion
forces. On the night of July 16-17, resistance fighters led by M. Elissalde,
a mechanic at the Latécoère plant, succeeded in destroying
the Ju 488 V401 fuselage and center wing section to the extent they could
not be salvaged. After the last of the German forces evacuated the city
in late August 1944, the V402 forward fuselage section was found covered
and abandoned on a railway siding. No record seems to exist as to the final
disposition of this last remaining Ju 488 piece. The entire Ju 488 program
was discontinued in November 1944, when it was realized that a new large
bomber aircraft was not needed at this stage in the war. An attempt was
made to offer the Ju 488 design to the Japanese, but they were not interested.
Span | Length | Height | Wing Area |
30.84 m
101' 2" |
20.24 m
66' 5" |
87 m²
936.46 ft² |
|
(31.29 m)
(102' 8") |
(23.24 m)
(76' 3") |
(7.1 m)
(23' 4") |
(88 m²)
(947.22 ft²) |
Empty | Takeoff | Fuel | Bomb Load | Wing Loading |
26600 kg
58643 lbs |
5420 kg
11949 lbs |
2000 kg
4409 lbs |
305.75 kg/m²
62.62 lbs/ft² |
|
(21000 kg)
(46297 lbs) |
(36000 kg)
(79366 lbs) |
(9100 kg)
(20062 lbs) |
(5000 kg)
(11023 lbs) |
(409.1 kg/m²)
(33.79 lbs/ft²) |
Max. Speed | Service Ceiling | Max. Range |
690 km/h
429 mph (690 km/h) (429 mph) |
(11350 m)
(37237') |
3142 km
1953 miles (4500 km) (2796 miles) |
Manufacturer | Scale | Material | Notes |
Toad | 1/72 | Resin & White Metal | models the Ju 488 V403 version |
Here, the wings are being attached. Please note that the horizontal
tail has been mounted, but not the twin vertical
fins and rudders. In the foreground is the V402 wing. |
In this view, the section of the fuselage between the
pressurized cockpit and the wing section has not yet been added |
Right: A photo taken
from the rear, showing
various Ju 488 components under construction. |
Above and left: The damage was quite extensive,
and the
Ju 488 V401 was not salvageable. |